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Eve of Naharon
Eve of Naharon ((スペイン語:Eva de Naharon)) is the skeleton of a 25- to 30-year-old human female found in the ''Naharon'' section of the underwater cave ''Sistema Naranjal'' in Mexico near the town of Tulum, around 80 miles south west of Cancún. The skeleton is notable for being carbon dated to 13,600 years old and has bone structure that is more consistent with that of people from Southern Asia than that of people from Northern Asia. Other skeletons found within the cave are said to be between 11,000 and 14,000 years old. The salt water now covering this site is said to have an effect on the accuracy of the carbon dating. This similarity has called into question the timeline and geographic origin in the current theory of New World settlement by peoples from Northern Asia. However, various studies have shown that cranial morphology is much more plastic than earlier believed, and that the so-called Mongoloid look hadn't yet developed in Asia. This implies that people may not have come to America from North Asia through a land-bridge which is now underwater as previously thought.〔 The oldest DNA found in the Americas is still consistent with that of modern Native Americans.
The discovery of Eve of Naharon is important because it shows evidence of single migration.〔http://www.cobocards.com/pool/en/card/19b5d0812/online-karteikarten-who-was-eve-of-naharon-/〕 It is also supports the beliefs of many scientists that the first peoples of America arrived by land and by sea in coast hugging canoes from Northern Asia across what is now the Bering Strait. If the dating of the fossils of Eve of Naharon, the 20-year-old Eva is correct, then Eva shows that the first peoples filtered into the Americas from Asia in Paleolitic times, possibly continuing to arrive until around 10,000 B.C.E, when melting galciers submerged the land bridge and isolated the American contents from the rest of the world. 〔Foster, L. (1997). Introduction. In A brief history of Mexico (p. 6). New York, New York: Facts on File.-/〕
Discovery The remains of Eve of Naharon were discovered by Arturo González and his team 80 miles southwest of Cancun. González, director of the Desert Museum in Saltillo, Mexico said, "We don't know how (people whose remains were found in the caves ) arrived and whether they came from the Atlantic, the jungle, or inside the continent, but we believe these finds are the oldest yet to be found in the Americas and may influence our theories of how the first people arrived." González and his team spent a total of 4 years excavating the remains, and their discovery changed the mind of experts as to where the first Americans may have originated from. 〔http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/09/080903-oldest-skeletons.html〕
The Bering Strait Theory The discovery of Eve of Naharon has led scientists to believe that the first Americans arrived from traveling across the Bering Strait. According to this theory, people from Northeast Asia crossed on a land or ice bridge (where the Bering Strait is today) and entered America through Alaska. This must have happened during the last Ice Age, about 20,000 years ago. The theory also states that some of the people who migrated headed towards the Mississippi River, and others continued to head southward towards Mexico and South America. The migration patterns were a strong piece of evidence for the theory considering Eve of Naharon was found in Mexico.〔Reginald Dyck. ''Studies in American Indian Literatures'', Series 2, Vol. 19, No. 1, Special Issue on Teaching and Pedagogy (SPRING 2007), pp. 49-65〕
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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